Compare Seychelles (2002) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2006)

Compare Seychelles (2002) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2006)

	Seychelles (2002)	Turks and Caicos Islands (2006)

Administrative divisions	23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: 27.8% (male 11,238; female 11,002) 15-64 years: 66% (male 25,763; female 27,086) 65 years and over: 6.2% (male 1,667; female 3,342) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 31.9% (male 3,432/female 3,312) 15-64 years: 64.4% (male 7,155/female 6,457) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 362/female 434) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports	14 (2001)	8 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 7 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 4 (2002)	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Area	total: 455 sq km land: 455 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993.	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate	17.27 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	21.84 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $249 million expenditures: $262 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.) (1998 est.)	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital	Victoria	name: Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) geographic coordinates: 21 28 N, 71 08 W time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline	491 km	389 km
Constitution	18 June 1993	Turks and Caicos Islands Constitution Order 2006 (effective 9 August 2006)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles conventional short form: Seychelles	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands abbreviation: TCI
Currency	Seychelles rupee (SCR)	-
Death rate	6.57 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	4.21 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$240 million (1999 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to the Seychelles	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Claude Sylvestre MOREL chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 972-1785 FAX: [1] (212) 972-1786	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory)	have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder
Economic aid - recipient	$16.4 million (1995) (1995)	$4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview	Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. The vulnerability of the tourist sector was illustrated by the sharp drop in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war and once again following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. Other issues facing the government are the curbing of the budget deficit, including the containment of social welfare costs, and further privatization of public enterprises. Growth slowed in 1998-2001, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors. Also, tight controls on exchange rates and the scarcity of foreign exchange have impaired short-term economic prospects. The black market value of the Seychelles rupee is half the official exchange rate; without a devaluation of the currency the tourist sector should remain sluggish as vacationers seek cheaper destinations such as Comoros, Mauritius, and Madagascar.	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the annual 93,000 visitors in the late 1990s. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Electricity - consumption	148.8 million kWh (2000)	4.65 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production	160 million kWh (2000)	5 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues	water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	-
Ethnic groups	mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab	black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates	Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 5.7458 (January 2002), 5.8575 (2001), 5.7138 (2000), 5.3426 (1999), 5.2622 (1998), 5.0263 (1997)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: President France Albert RENE (since 5 June 1977); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President France Albert RENE (since 5 June 1977); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 31 August-2 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2006) election results: France Albert RENE reelected president; percent of vote - France Albert RENE (SPPF) 54.19%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (UO) 44.95%, Philippe BOULLE 0.86%; note - the first time that presidential elections have been held separately from legislative elections	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005) head of government: Premier Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003); note - the office of premier was created in the new constitution cabinet: Cabinet consists of the governor, the premier, six ministers appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council, and the attorney general elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor
Exports	$182.6 million f.o.b. (2001)	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	canned tuna, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports)	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners	UK 48.1%, Italy 23.1%, France 14.8%, Netherlands 2.7% (1999)	US, UK (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP	purchasing power parity - $605 million (2001 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3% industry: 26% services: 71% (1999) (1999)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $7,600 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	1.5% (2001 est.)	4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	4 35 S, 55 40 E	21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note	40 granitic and about 50 coralline islands	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways	total: 280 km paved: 176 km unpaved: 104 km (1997)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	$360.2 million f.o.b. (2001)	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners	Italy 13.3%, South Africa 10.7%, France 9.9%, UK 8.0%, Singapore 7.7% (1999)	US, UK (2004)
Independence	29 June 1976 (from UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages	tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate	16.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 15.18 deaths/1,000 live births male: 17.55 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	6.1% (2001 est.)	4% (1995)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force	30,900 (1996) (1996)	4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	industry 19%, services 71%, agriculture 10% (1989) (1989)	note: about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2.22% permanent crops: 13.33% other: 84.45% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (2005)
Languages	English (official), French (official), Creole	English (official)
Legal system	based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats - 25 elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least 10% of the vote; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 4-6 December 2002 (next held by 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 54.3%, SNP 42.6%, DP 3.1%; seats by party - SPPF 23, SNP 11 note: the 9 awarded seats are apportioned according to the percentage that each party won of the total vote	unicameral Legislative Council (21 seats of which 15 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 70.97 years male: 65.48 years female: 76.63 years (2002 est.)	total population: 74.73 years male: 72.48 years female: 77.08 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 58% male: 56% female: 60% (1971 est.)	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Eastern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references	Africa	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,086 GRT/10,192 DWT ships by type: cargo 2 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: South Africa 2 (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Army, Coast Guard (includes Air Wing), Presidential Protection Unit (includes Presidential Guard), Police Force (includes Police Mobile Unit, a special weapons and tactics unit capable of assisting the Army in maintaining internal stability)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$11 million (FY01)	$192.8 million
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.8% (FY01)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 23,210 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 11,554 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Constitution Day (National Day), 18 June (1993)	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality	noun: Seychellois (singular and plural) adjective: Seychellois	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible	frequent hurricanes
Natural resources	fish, copra, cinnamon trees	spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate	-5.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	10.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
People - note	-	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM]; Seychelles National Party or SNP (formerly the United Opposition or UO) [Wavel RAMKALAWAN]; Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE] - the governing party	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Roman Catholic Church; trade unions	NA
Population	80,098 (July 2002 est.)	21,152 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.47% (2002 est.)	2.82% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors	Victoria	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)	AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios	42,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km (2003)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 86.6%, Anglican 6.8%, other Christian 2.5%, other 4.1%	Baptist 40%, Anglican 18%, Methodist 16%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.5 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	17 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: effective system domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago international: direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)	general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing domestic: full range of services available; GSM wireless service available international: country code - 1-649; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	19,635 (1997)	5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	16,316 (1999)	1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations	2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; 2 cable television networks) (2004)
Terrain	Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate	1.81 children born/woman (2002 est.)	3.05 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	10% (1997 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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